With red, the context doesn’t matter. You run a red light, you get fined. With yellow, the context does matter: you only get fined if you clearly could’ve come to a stop safely, but didn’t.
The severity of the fine also differs (talking about Germany here). If you run a red light you get at least one “point”, which is a semi-permanent mark on your record that will lead to more severe punishment if you rack up too many of them. If you endangered someone, caused an accident, or the light was red for more than a second, you also get your driver’s license taken away for a month. You don’t get any of that with a yellow light, and the monetary fine is also much lower.
With red, the context doesn’t matter. You run a red light, you get fined. With yellow, the context does matter: you only get fined if you clearly could’ve come to a stop safely, but didn’t.
The severity of the fine also differs (talking about Germany here). If you run a red light you get at least one “point”, which is a semi-permanent mark on your record that will lead to more severe punishment if you rack up too many of them. If you endangered someone, caused an accident, or the light was red for more than a second, you also get your driver’s license taken away for a month. You don’t get any of that with a yellow light, and the monetary fine is also much lower.