This looks like a really good explanation of how all the pieces work:
What Are STUN, TURN, and ICE? | LiveSwitch Server Documentation https://share.google/PV7BKE7Q56vOE9lHl
Based on what you wrote, it looks like you'll need ICE hosts, but no STUN / TURN.
I spent about 6 months several years ago without a WM. I used links -g and gpm to browse graphically (and with a mouse) using the framebuffer. At the time, lynx couldn't do that.
Also look in your bios.
Barring that, yeah checking a different OS is another good step.