I don't think "reasoning" is the right perspective to examine Picard's comment from. He's not making a debate point, Picard is politely telling Ralph that he's acting like an assclown and that it WILL stop.
The secret to writing (or playing) characters that are smarter than you are is that you can take your time coming up with what they do. Maybe in-game your character has a razor wit and would have a snappy comeback for any situation. Out of game you've got a list of pre-prepared retorts you can bust out as needed.
When Lwaxana scanned the bar in DS9 s01e17 The Forsaken to figure out who stole her broach, she has to look at each person in the room to read them. Perhaps the range for Betazeds is very high or unlimited, but using it requires them to be aware of the person's presence, or to specifically focus on them? Or perhaps there's general vibes, but truly reading someone requires active focus?
V starts off thinking she's dying and her mind is changing and she doesn't know how long she's got, and by the end she's learned that everyone is dying and everyone is changing all the time and no one knows how long they've got. The only real choice is whether you use the time you've got to live, or don't.
They don't have what we would recognize as an economy, but they do have resources and are on rare occasions willing to trade them with outsiders. (See: Voyager) I can imagine some particularly risk-inclined ferengi trying to strike a deal. Gives me a "goodlife" from Saberhagen's Beserkers kind of vibe.
I read once that the earliest edition(s?) didn't have Rogue as a separate class, that everyone would be searching for traps and such. And when Rogue was added with the explicit ability to detect traps, it caused a crises because suddenly that implied that no one else had that ability.
I don't think "reasoning" is the right perspective to examine Picard's comment from. He's not making a debate point, Picard is politely telling Ralph that he's acting like an assclown and that it WILL stop.