It’s because the so-called “subsidies” from the Chinese government are much more than the “subsidies” wielded by the American government. In America a subsidy amounts to throwing money and tax breaks at corporations and asking them to make something with it - but Chinese subsidies are direct investments, with the government controlling how the money is spent and staying involved every step of the way. That’s why they turn so reliably into increased production and reduced prices while our own subsidies tend to turn into stock buybacks.
There’s really no practical reason why the US couldn’t adopt a similar industrial policy - imagine going to GM/Ford/Chevy and paying them to build new EV factories in Detroit, directly overseeing the whole process from start to finish, and leaving behind government representatives at all levels of the factories’ operation - but the reason we don’t do it is pretty much purely ideological.
Luckily, we’ll always have Psy.