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A rising number of sabotage acts, arson attacks and other destabilising actions in Europe have been linked to Russia. Such incidents have been dubbed hybrid attacks, as they do not meet the threshold of military aggression.

“Hybrid is too soft [a] word for this,” Estonia’s interior minister Igor Taro told the FT. “It’s state-sponsored terrorism.”

“Russia is the biggest challenge and biggest threat to Europe . . . And they have been attacking Europe constantly. They’re just doing it below the military threshold but they are doing it constantly.” He added: “They are direct attacks on our critical infrastructure, on our military-related or defence-related objects.”

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Taro estimated that generally, Russia was responsible for 90 per cent of internal security issues in Estonia, with 5 per cent attributable to China and the rest to other actors.

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