The law actually bans "providing internet hosting services to enable the distribution, maintenance, or updating of such foreign adversary controlled application for users within the land or maritime borders of the United States."
If Google and Apple aren't distributing, maintaining, or updating TikTok then it follows that nobody is providing internet hosting services enabling distribution, maintenance, or updating of TikTok.
Maybe you didn't see the presidential primary on your ballot? If not you should have gotten another ballot, because millions of other Californians voted in the presidential primary.
And Sanders wasn't running in 2024. He is not required to run in order to hold a primary.
The power of pardon conferred by the Constitution upon the President is unlimited except in cases of impeachment. It extends to every offence known to the law, and may be exercised at any time after its commission, either before legal proceedings are taken or during their pendency, or after conviction and judgment.
It's not a law, it's a Constitutional amendment. So passage by Congress isn't enough, it needs to be ratified by the states too. And it wasn't ratified by enough states (38) at the time.
But almost 50 years later, Virginia became the 38th state to ratify it. Are they too late? Biden just said they are not too late, but this question will probably have to go through the courts.
Being a republic has nothing to do with whether ordinary people hold power. For example in Plato's Republic, power was exclusively held by philosophers because ordinary people were unwise and could not be trusted.
I don't believe Syria ever styled itself "Democratic". But the Syrian Republic was certainly a republic.
For that matter, so was the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics.
A republic is simply a nation with no monarch. If you don't believe me ask any Canadian, as they are constantly debating whether to officially leave the British crown and become a republic.
No, pardons do not imply guilt.
Pardons can be issued when someone is believed to be innocent of any wrongdoing.